What the Romans and others said about Crucifixion

[Lou Newton]

[glen smith]

The book by W. A. Stroud is the source for the most quoted details of the crucifixion.
Stroud W. A Treatise on the Physical Cause of the Death of Christ. London: Hamilton & Adams, 1847

A representative selection of medical hypotheses for the cause of death of Jesus, or crucifixion in general

Cardiac rupture	Physician	Stroud 1847
Heart failure	Physician	Davis 1965
Hypovolaemic shock	Forensic pathologist	Zugibe 2005
Syncope	Surgeon	LeBec 1925
Acidosis	Physician	Wijffels 2000
Asphyxia	Surgeon	Barbet 1963
Arrhythmia plus asphyxia	Pathologist	Edwards 1986
Pulmonary embolism	Haematologist	Brenner 2005
Voluntary surrender of life	Physician	Wilkinson 1972
Didn't actually die	Physician	Lloyd-Davies 1991

If this is of interest to you the online article medical theories on the cause of death by crucifixion
. . . . published in the British Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine may be read at:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1420788/

[Lou Newton]

Thanks Glen. Any human who is pierced in the side by a spear until water and blood pour forth, they are definitely dead. Many witnesses seen that this took place.